Uveitis is inflammation anywhere in the pigmented inside lining of the eye, known as the uvea or uveal tract. The uvea may become inflamed because of infection, a bodywide autoimmune disorder (which causes the body to attack its own tissues), or for unknown reasons. Symptoms of uveitis may include eye ache, eye redness, floaters, loss of vision, or a combination.
The uvea contains many blood vessels — the veins, arteries and capillaries — that carry blood to and from the eye. Because the uvea nourishes many important parts of the eye (such as the retina), inflammation of the uvea can damage your sight.
There are several types of uveitis, defined by the part of the eye where it occurs:
Iritis affects the front of your eye. Also called anterior uveitis, this is the most common type of uveitis. Iritis usually develops suddenly and may last six to eight weeks. Some types of anterior uveitis can be chronic or recurrent.
If the uvea is inflamed in the middle or intermediate region of the eye, it is called pars planitis (or intermediate uveitis). Episodes of pars planitis can last between a few weeks to years. The disease goes through cycles of getting better, then worse.
Posterior uveitis affects the back parts of your eye. Posterior uveitis can develop slowly and often lasts for many years.
Panuveitis occurs when all layers of the uvea are inflamed.
